Battery technology is a great invention, so that the battery can be used in our life in various forms. Smart phones, smart watches, laptops and other mobile devices have already become indispensable electronic devices in daily life. Electric vehicle is the development trend in future, and the breakthrough and popularization of battery energy storage technologies such as energy storage stations have revolutionary significance for energy production and consumption. There are many classification methods for batteries, and many different types can be derived according to the type of electrolyte, the anode and cathode materials of the battery, working characteristics and storage mode. In view of structure and composition, the battery is divided into cell, battery pack, battery module, battery cluster and energy storage system.

With the extensive application of batteries, the safety performance of batteries has become the most concern of people, such as weeping, air leakage, rupture, fire, explosion and other risks during the use, storage and transportation due to substandard quality, battery abuse, external damage, improper protection and other factors. The battery in different composition levels will be involved in electrical safety and environmental safety problems, such as overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit, thermal abuse, vibration, impact, extrusion and so on.

Most of the battery standards are related to electrical safety and environmental safety. According to the different control areas, standardization organizations and battery types, there are ISO and IEC international standards, EN, BS, IEEE, UL, ANSI, CAN, UN, JIS, PSE, VDE foreign standards, national standards such as GB and GB/T, industry standards such as QC, QB/T/T and YD/T, as well as the local provincial/municipal local standards and corporate standards for battery, besides, there are battery standards for consumer electronics, power battery standards, storage battery standards, battery system standards, etc.